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    Aerial view of Lingyang Jiao Photo: XinhuaSome foreign media have recently renewed hypes over China's construction at Lingyang Jiao in the Xisha Qundao (Xisha Islands), claiming that the completed first phase could become part of China's "largest military base" in the region.
China has firmly rejected such hypes. "Xisha Qundao is China's inherent territory, over which there is no dispute. Necessary construction on our own territory is aimed at improving living and working conditions on the islands and growing the local economy," said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian at a regular press conference on March 23.
Despite that clear explanation, some foreign media outlets continued to point their finger at the Chinese reef. Why is China carrying out construction at Lingyang Jiao, and why do external parties have no grounds to reproach? Chinese experts recently spoke with the Global Times about the history, purpose and legal basis of the construction on the reef.
Indisputable sovereignty
Lingyang Jiao, whose name comes from its resemblance to an antelope horn, lies on the western side of Yongle Atoll in the Xisha Qundao, about 89 kilometers from Yongxing Island and 6.5 kilometers from Jinyin Island. The reef stretches six kilometers from north to south, measures about 3.5 kilometers at its widest point and covers roughly 15 square kilometers.
The reef, also traditionally known among Chinese fishermen as Kuangzai or Quanzai, is administered by the city of Sansha in South China's Hainan Province.
"Lingyang Jiao is an inherent part of China's territory. Fishermen from Hainan sailed there to fish as early as the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties," Xu Xiaodong, a vice chairman of the Huayang Center for Maritime Cooperation and Ocean Governance, told the Global Times on March 23.
In 1935, the then-Chinese government included the reef in its bilingual list of South China Sea island names. Its name was reviewed again in a corresponding list issued by the then ministry of the interior in 1947 and has remained in use ever since, Xu said.
During the 1974 Xisha self-defense counterattack, the South Vietnamese warship Nhat Tao was sunk in waters near Lingyang Jiao. Xu said these facts demonstrate the Chinese government's determination and actions to safeguard its sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao, including Lingyang Jiao.
Lei Xiaolu, a professor at Wuhan University China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies, said that China was the first country to discover, develop and administer the Xisha Qundao. Successive Chinese governments have continuously exercised jurisdiction over the islands, including Lingyang Jiao, forming a clear historical record.
France recognized China's sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Lei said. When France attempted to occupy the Xisha Qundao in 1931 and nine islands and reefs in the Nansha Qundao in 1933, the Chinese government immediately protested and reaffirmed its sovereignty.
Numerous official documents from that period clearly placed the Dongsha, Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha Qundao within Chinese territory, such as a 1935 map of the South China Sea islands, a brief chorography of the South China Sea islands in 1947, a comparison table of their old and new names, and a location map bearing the South China Sea dash line. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government continued to exercise sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao. 
"Lingyang Jiao is part of China's Xisha Qundao. The Chinese government has repeatedly made clear that China has indisputable sovereignty over the Xisha Qundao," Lei said.
Construction to improve living
Previously published aerial images have shown Lingyang Jiao's distinctive ring-shaped lagoon, but its natural beauty long contrasted with the rudimentary living conditions faced by local fishermen.
According to the official website of the Sansha city government, the reef was once almost entirely barren, with little vegetation. Fishermen lived two or three to a coral-stone hut measuring only three or four square meters.
For a long period, a single diesel generator was used to supply electricity on the reef, providing power only between 7 pm and 11 pm. Fresh water had to be carried from vessels arriving from Hainan Island, while typhoons posed a constant threat to residents and their homes.
Construction of a fishermen's settlement was put on the agenda in 2012. However, the complex topography and hydrological conditions around the reef prevented large vessels from approaching, forcing workers to carry construction materials ashore by hand. 
After years of development, Lingyang Jiao now has basic infrastructure including a desalination facility and a power station. Its navigation channel has been dredged and opened, and a fishermen's settlement has been completed. 
Xu said the current construction serves at least two purposes: The first is to provide more and better public services.
Lingyang Jiao lies on the outer edge of the Yongle Islands, surrounded by some of the most difficult navigational waters in the Xisha Qundao. In 2015, the Chinese government built and activated a lighthouse there to provide navigation services for passing vessels.
"Further construction can provide stronger infrastructure support for maritime search and rescue, disaster prevention and mitigation, and help ensure navigational safety in the South China Sea," Xu said.
The construction will also further improve local residents' living conditions. Transport difficulties have long left the reef short of essential supplies, while typhoons have repeatedly caused serious damage to housing. The construction can better meet fishermen's needs for water, electricity, secure housing and employment, Xu noted.
"Fishermen working in the South China Sea have long faced extremely harsh conditions. Far from shore, they spent weeks exposed to intense sunlight, strong winds, heavy rain and sudden typhoons, often without a safe place to rest or repair their boats," Ding Duo, director of the Research Center for International and Regional Issues at the National Institute for South China Sea Studies, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
Ding said the construction is intended to improve the living standards of Chinese fishermen and represents a direct result of China's people-centered development philosophy. 
"China now has the capacity and resources to develop infrastructure at Lingyang Jiao. Doing so is both feasible and responsible, and responds to the long-standing needs of fishermen who have depended on these waters for their livelihoods for centuries," Ding said. 
Besides, ecological protection has remained a prerequisite for production and construction on the reef. In 2019, a research team led by Professor Xie Qiang from Sun Yat-sen University School of Life Sciences discovered a new marine insect species at Lingyang Jiao and named it after the reef.
It was China's first discovery of a strictly marine insect group at the family level within its territory and territorial waters, filling a gap in the country's scientific records. 
"China's land reclamation and construction activities are conducted in strict accordance with laws, regulations and ecological standards," Xu said. "Through technological innovation and systematic governance, China has balanced ecological protection with resource utilization. The results of environmental protection at Lingyang Jiao and in its surrounding waters are clearly visible," Xu said.
No room for external interference
China's construction at Lingyang Jiao has drawn persistent attention from some foreign media. Since January, outlets including Newsweek have used satellite images to hype the project.
The US-based Center for Strategic and International Studies recently claimed that the reclaimed area at Lingyang Jiao had surpassed that of Yongxing Island and was approaching the size of Meiji Jiao, China's largest island reef in the South China Sea.
A Reuters report published on Wednesday went further, claiming that Lingyang Jiao could be one of the Chinese military's most important features in the South China Sea. It speculated that the reef could host surveillance facilities or support nuclear-powered submarines to strengthen "China's military presence around key waterways." 
Ding rejected this accusation, saying that as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China conducts construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea strictly within the framework of international law.
"The construction at Lingyang Jiao is peaceful in nature and serves the public. It is intended to better safeguard national territory while providing practical assistance to people and vessels operating in the South China Sea," Ding said.
Ding said improved infrastructure at Lingyang Jiao would bring broader benefits to the region by strengthening China's capacity to provide public services. These include more accurate weather forecasting, faster and more efficient emergency rescue, broader marine scientific research and stronger safety support for the South China Sea's busy international shipping routes.
"China's construction can provide more international public goods and help reduce risks for merchant ships, fishing vessels and other maritime activities," Ding said. "It is not militarization, but an effort aimed at safeguarding peace and stability. The tendency to view everything China does as military in purpose reflects the dark geopolitical mentality of the West."
Xu said China's land reclamation and construction activities also have a solid basis in international law. China ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1996 and, under the convention, has the right to conduct construction on islands and reefs within its own territorial waters without seeking the consent or approval of any other country.
"The Xisha Qundao have been Chinese territory since ancient times. Lingyang Jiao has long been a place where Chinese fishermen live and work, and it also carries the history of the Maritime Silk Road," Xu said.
Both history and present-day reality demonstrate China's indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea islands, including the Xisha Qundao, Xu noted. The waters surrounding the Xisha Qundao are under China's effective administration, making land reclamation and construction at Lingyang Jiao normal activities within China's sovereign jurisdiction.
Objections from external parties are inconsistent with China's long-standing administration of the South China Sea islands and have no basis in international law or international rules, Xu said. No country has the right to interfere in China's construction activities at Lingyang Jiao.
。    该图片使用了AI生成技术          本文来自微信公众号： TS消费观察 ，作者：Adrianhts          7月上旬，脉脉中有人发帖暗示有手机品牌即将退出中国市场。         联想到5月三星家电宣布退出中国市场，大家纷纷在评论区留言“三星一路走好”。7月16日，Realme副总裁，中国区总裁徐起在微博发布告别信并确认：Realme真我手机退出中国市场，未来专注出海。         自家兄弟无独有偶，同为OPPO系的一加（Oneplus）未来将逐步收起海外布局专注中国市场。

二 | 近年来OV在智能手机市场水花不大，尤其是OPPO前些年专注在内斗，自家产品线令消费者困惑，可如今终于三线一齐理顺，也走到了发展的岔路口。

三 |          1          一个不是为中国生的品牌          Realme其实压根不是给中国市场准备的。         时间拨回到2018年，OPPO看杂粮厂带着Redmi在印度市场杀得昏天黑地馋得流口水，自己又爱惜羽毛，不想脏了OPPO这块中高端招牌。

四 | 于是CEO陈永明让VP李炳忠带队单飞，在印度另起炉灶，专打线上专拼价格。

五 | 半年横扫东南亚六国，一年出货量破千万台。

六 |          这速度放在今天看都夸张，更何况是智能手机出货量极为差劲的2018年。

七 | 2018年是全球智能手机销量的转折点，出货量同比下滑5%，从2017年的15.1亿台下降至14.3亿台。

八 |          那会儿Realme根本没打算回国，它是OPPO派出去的一把尖刀，任务是抢红米，传音碗里的饭，OPPO大哥发展得顺风顺水，哪里需要它回来帮忙？          2019年国内两千元以内价位段的手机市场正好出现真空，华为忙着冲高端，红米刚独立还在磨合期。真我X一发布，旗舰级配置下放进千元机，"敢越级"三个字喊得整条赛道都跟着紧张。

九 |          回国之后的真我，日子过得越来越像乒乓球队的陪练，累一点没少挨罪一点没少遭，好处是一点没捞到。         一加主打线上性能，真我主打极致性价比，OPPO自家Reno系列主打线下轻薄影像，三条产品线挤在2000到4000元这同一个价位段，抢的是同一批预算有限、又想要好配置的年轻人。         研发各自调教各自的产品线，供应链各谈各的芯片订单，营销各请各的达人。支出集团掏了三份，可资源确是一点也没整合，有点能耐全用在自己人身上了。         2          握指成拳          多品牌打法在增量时代是加法，可在存量时代需要的是做减法，显然OPPO也深谙此道。         面对难以维系的分散内耗情况，以及2026年上游存储芯片与元器件价格疯涨的窘迫现实，集团不得不按下重组的加速键。

十 |          对于均价高、溢价高的旗舰机来说，毛利率尚且维持在健康的水平，零部件涨价无非是少赚一点。但对贴着成本卖、靠规模换利润的性价比走量机型来说，成本每增加一分，对于品牌整体的盈利能力都是致命打击。规模上不去，元器件拿货价就贵，定价就更无从下口。与其在有限的国内池子里内卷耗尽血量，不如理顺逻辑把分散的指头收回来。

十一 |          这次OPPO推进的产品线重整，本质上是一场极度务实的三维重组：          新的分工已经清晰明了，每个品牌的管辖地界也已经重新规划。一加专注国内，暂停在欧洲、北美发新品，印度市场照常运营；真我全面转向海外，中国区不再上新。         Realme只是退出国内市场不是“跑路”了，老用户的售后和保修由OPPO门店统一接手，用老大哥既有的基础设施消除了Realme现有用户的后顾之忧。         系统层面也逐渐统一，下一代ColorOS上线后一加和真我的设备都能统一升级，OxygenOS、Realme UI三套系统最终并成一套。

十二 |          减去内耗，加上协同。这次握指成拳不是说Realme在国内玩不转了，而是整个OPPO体系终于想明白，把所有分散的指头收回来打成一个硬拳头，远比五指张开乱挥更能打。

十三 |          3          中国手机出海格局          都说经济下行期要出海，可海里早早地站满了人。"出海"两个字被喊得挺响，听着像一片蓝海任君遨游，实际情况更像早高峰的4号线，车是新开的，人是越挤越多的，位置是没有了的。         中国手机出海品牌布局简图          OPPO把真我整体外派海外，小米早就有POCO常年驻扎印度和欧洲，两个品牌的诞生理由几乎一模一样。都是国内亲儿子舍不得内卷性价比，就派个干儿子出去打。现在真我彻底断了国内的念想，专心跟POCO在同一片市场里贴身肉搏，这场仗从顺带打打变成了"背水一战"，激烈程度可想而知。         Vivo和OPPO和小米不太一样，它没有像OPPO、小米那样单独孵化一个出海子品牌，而是让主力部队亲自下场，早早在印度、印尼扎根做渠道和本地化，这也是为什么这次出海潮里，iQOO几乎不太被提及。         非洲之王传音则完全不在这套叙事里，它本就“生”在广袤的非洲大地上，谈不到出海。前面三家好歹都有个国内主品牌当靠山，传音从出生那天起就没打算回中国市场。旗下Tecno、Itel、Infinix三个牌子几乎是为非洲量身定制的，适配多卡多待、优化深肤色人像算法，靠着对当地需求的极致理解，一度拿下非洲市场超五成的份额。         但2025年以来这份祖传优势正在被稀释，小米、荣耀纷纷加码非洲，部分季度出货增速甚至反超了传音，传音2025年利润一度腰斩，2026年一季度才靠主动砍低毛利机型、提高中高端占比缓过一口气。         四条出海路径四种活法，唯一的共同点是国内牌桌越来越挤，大家都在往外走。         4          结尾          过去十年华米OV都信奉一个逻辑，品牌越多，坑位占得越满，盘子就能越摊越大。这套打法在增量时代确实好使，铺子摊得大才能有更多好故事能讲。可市场一旦进入存量博弈，兜里空空的消费者换机周期从一年拉长到两三年，多品牌的另一面就暴露出来了，资源分散，内耗严重，谁都吃不饱。         重新集结资源打有准备之仗，远比在红海里硬撑面子明智得多。         本内容由作者授权发布，观点仅代表作者本人，不代表虎嗅立场。如对本稿件有异议或投诉，请联系 [email protected]。

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